有很多方法可以建造一个平地板(或防冻浅基础)，下面是我们建造的一个加厚边板地板的一步一步的行走。XPS or EPS high-density foam is typically used under concrete slab floors, in this case we usedRockwoolmineral fiber insulation (formerly known as Roxul).

Note: Engineers at Rockwool could not confirm with us that their product had the compressive strength to carry the load under the footing, so where the weight of the walls would bear, we installed EPS foam.

板式楼板的建造方式通常需要地基，有时需要先浇筑霜墙，地基建立后再浇筑内部楼板。这种技术往往忽略了基础下的绝缘，这导致热桥接和热损失。这项技术还需要用混凝土泵车进行第二次运输，根据你所在地区的不同，运输费用在700美元到1000美元之间。相反，我们在这里所做的被称为“单浇”，即地基和底板同时浇筑。

Here are the basic steps for slab-on-grade construction on soil that doesnothave a high water table and has sufficient compressive strength to carry the load of the building. For problem soils see our pages onraft slabsand building on problem soils.

1. Creating a level building surface

After the land was cleared, compactable fill was brought in to bring the site to a workable level. The house sits at about grade at the north side, but needed about 3 feet of fill at the south edge to level the building site.

Compacted slab on grade base © Ecohome

如图所示，采用板封隔器分段夯实地面，以确保地基牢固。用现场的岩石建造挡土墙，以固定压实的砾石和未来的石板。

2: Building forms

一个常见的技术，建立形式是把木桩打入地面，然后附加板到他们作为混凝土形式，但我们决定预先建立的形式，然后提高和方形的方式，你会与墙。这是为了使拆卸更容易，并允许我们重复使用木材。很难说最后是否会变得更容易，但一切都很顺利。

Slab on grade forms © Ecohome

Forms need to be well-secured to avoid a blow out, including lots of braces to hold the weight of the concrete so forms don't bend. Three runs of 2x6's easily held concrete and insulation, and after forms were removed, that wood was used for framing.

Slab-on-grade forms © Ecohome

3. Plumbing and mechanical infrastructure

All plumbing infrastructure (water pipes, drains, radon stack, central vac, power conduits, etc.) was put in place next, below the coming insulation and concrete. We usedinsulated water pipes courtesy of Uponor提高能源效率。

Plumbing infrastructure © Ecohome

在这一点上，您需要非常确定管道的位置，因为在之后进行更改时，混凝土是不那么宽容的。你需要把混凝土浇到地板上的排水口，但是对于你看不到的水槽和浴缸排水口，如果你不把它们装在混凝土里，你的生活就会容易得多。要么在排水管周围建造一个木制的模型，或者干脆在桶上凿一个洞，把它贴在上面。这样排水管就会有一点作用，让它更容易连接浴缸和水槽的排水管。

4. Installing insulation

After all the plumbing was in place, 8 inches of rigid insulation was installed - Rockwool underneath the slab and on the vertical exterior surface, and 8 inches of EPS under the footings.

Comfortboard是伟大的工作与，它切割非常容易，保持安全的地方没有滑动，允许紧密清洁的接头。这是一个很好的附加好处，当你做多层时，就像我们在这里做的。对每一层的接头也进行了偏移，以进一步减少热损失。

Slab-on-grade thickened edge footing © Ecohome

我们垂直放置了8英寸的岩棉来保护板的外部，我们在Roxul的外部和内部放置了一块水泥板。之后，我们用塑料绑带将水泥板连接起来，绑带穿过绝缘层和蒸汽屏障，进入未来的地基;一颗1.5英寸的螺钉被放入扎带的末端，作为混凝土凝固后的锚。

The reasoning behind this step was to have a well-insulated slab with no thermal bridging, and a cement exterior ready for parging when the forms were removed. After disassembling the forms we were happy to see it worked exactly as planned.看一段我们是如何做到这一点的短视频。

Plastic ties were chosen over long nails or screws to prevent the heat loss that would come through metal, which our engineer assured us would be significant, far more than we would have expected before seeing software energy simulations. Metal fasteners would have effectively reduced the total R value by almost half, testament to the conductive powers of metal and why as a material it should be very selectively used in wall assemblies.

6. Radon gas barrier / vapour barrier

为了增加比常用的6密耳聚乙烯隔气层的耐久性，我们改用10密耳隔气层。增加的厚度为我们提供了更多的保护，以防止在施工阶段出现意外的洞，使我们对氡气保护更有信心。

10-mil Sub-slab vapour barrier © Ecohome

为了支撑混凝土网格延伸到基础上，我们切割了位于小泡沫脚上的网格部分。它还支持4根钢筋，这些钢筋将被嵌入到我们想要的混凝土基础上。

Despite that it may look somewhat labour intensive, this little detail took only a few hours to do and it ensured that our mesh was level, our rebars were well-positioned and our vapour mat was not punctured.

Radiant floor hydronic tubing

Uponor also provided us withtubing for a radiant floor，完整的平面布局有10个独立的区域，所以房子的每个部分的温度都可以独立控制。

Radiant floor tubing © Ecohome

Limiting the length of tube installed per zone is very important at this stage; with too long a run the water will have cooled too much towards the end of its return trip to effectively supply heat. We had our zone system designed by our sponsor Uponor which ensured that the heat would be balanced as best as possible.

9:最后一层将是抛光混凝土，完全无毒，非常耐用。混凝土的生产是一个严重的污染，每吨混凝土释放1吨温室气体。因此，我们选择了含有50%回收材料的混凝土混合料，这大大降低了我们建筑的总排放量，同时也带来了一些LEED分数。

Recycled concrete polished slab © Ecohome

There is an often overlooked advantage when you choose a slab over a basement - concrete is very expensive, so the reduced amount of concrete used in a slab along with not needing to install a subfloor and finished flooring product translates into a savings of many thousands of dollars.

And if the very concept of slab-on-grade construction leaves you scratching your head or worrying about frost heave, we have multiple pages in our世界杯葡萄牙vs加纳亚盘赔率to help warm you to the topic.